Iliou Melathron

At number 12 of Eleftherios Venizelos Street (Panepistimiou), among interwar apartment buildings, is the Numismatic Museum , which has one of the largest and most important collections of ancient coins in the world. However, the Museum building itself impresses visitors and passers-by alike. After all, the Iliou Melathron is a landmark for the city and was the residence of one of its most famous residents.

Already in 1837 the Panepistimiou Street had been completed. A tree-lined, wide paved street with sidewalks, a boulevard with azaleas intended for country walks, However, the installation of the Megaron in its present location in 1836 gave the street a more central character, also according to the plan of the architect Leo von Klenze.

From the middle of the century, the sub-structures, shacks and open spaces that existed on the sides of the street gave way to neoclassical buildings, luxurious mansions of public and private character, usually designed by European architects. The University was the work of the Danish architect Hans Christian Hansen; the Athens Academy Hall, the work of Theophilus Hansen; the Catholic Cathedral of St. Dionysius of Areopagite, designed by the German architect Leo von Klenze, The Athens Ophthalmology Clinic in designs by Christian Hansen, Gerasimos Metaxas and Aristides Balanos, the Shepieri Mansion in designs by Anastasios Theophilos, the Arsakeion in original design by Stamatis Kleanthis etc. etc.

One of the prominent residents of the street was the German businessman and amateur archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann. His involvement in archaeology was due to his love of Homer since his childhood. He devoted most of his fortune to research and excavations in Troy, Mycenae, Tiryns and Orchomenos and took the title of the father of "Mycenaean Archaeology" despite his controversial scientific methods, even for the time.

The three-year period 1870 - 1873 was the period of the great discoveries in Troy, among which the " Priam's Treasure ".In 1875 followed his second great discovery, the vaulted tombs in Mycenae with a number of golden grave goods. By now he was particularly well known not only in scientific circles but also to the international public interested in recent archaeological discoveries as it was a period when great discoveries in archaeology aroused the widest interest.

Schliemann had been living in Athens since 1869 when he married Sophia Engastromenou. However, in 1878 he commissioned his friend Ernst Ziller to design a large building on Panepistimiou Street with the sole request to the architect "a wide marble staircase rising from the ground to the upper floor and a terrazzo on the top". The building is considered one of the architect's most remarkable works. Its design responds to the personality and needs of the owner, while important innovations were implemented such as heating with photo gas, ventilation with ducts, fire protection measures with the careful use of wood. In 1881, the opening of the Iliou Melathron took place with a glorious reception.

On the ground floor of the two-storey building were the auxiliary rooms and the room in which the findings from the excavations of Troy were kept. The first floor was intended for the social events of the family. Dances, balls, the reception of guests, meals, literary salons...

The decoration of the Megaron was commissioned to well-known artists of the time, such as the painter Yuri Subic, and reflects Schliemann's love of antiquity. Mosaic floors with decorative themes inspired by Mycenae and Troy, clay statues copied from the classics, Pompeian decorations, and inscriptions were chosen jointly by Schliemann and Ziller, shaping the character of the building.

After the death of Heinrich Schliemann (1890), his wife Sophia never remarried. She lived in Iliou Melethron with her two children.

The Megaron was sold by the family to the Greek state in 1926. The Council of State (1929-1934), the Supreme Court (1934-1980) and the Court of Appeal (1981-1983) were successively housed in the building. Since 1998, the Numismatic Museum has been gradually transferred to the Schliemann Megaron, giving the public the opportunity to admire a great collection in an emblematic building.

 

Numismatic Museum, Athens Greece

Refreshment Centre - Garden

Crossing the entrance of the Museum, the visitor passes through the bustling Panepistimiou Avenue to the Museum's garden. A green area of 800 sqm with shrubs and fruit trees that thrive in Attica.

The garden was certainly an integral part of the Megaron already from its construction. In fact, during the rare periods when Schliemann was in Athens, he tended the garden himself. For its decoration, clay copies of ancient statues were used, according to the owner's preference. Even today the visitor is greeted in the Iliou Melathron by the Amazon, one of the sculptures, a copy of ancient ones, commissioned by the architect of the palace Ernst Ziller in a workshop in Vienna. The marble staircase leading to the exhibition area dominates the central courtyard.

The large courtyard at the rear of the building was the stable, coach house and well of the dwelling. Today, it is an extension of the Refreshment Centre and hosts cultural events, presentations, talks, meetings,. It is also an ideal place for a short break, so empty and so "far away" from the centre.  The space is available for special events by arrangement with the Museum’s Public Relations Department.

 

Numismatic Museum, Athens Greece
Address: Iliou Melathron, El. Venizelos (Panepistimiou) 12, 10671 Athens, Greece
Tel.+30 210 3632057, +30 210 3612834 και +30 210 3612872
Email: nm@culture.gr
Url: http://www.nummus.gr